Four-column Hydraulic Press – What is it and how does it work?

Four-column Hydraulic Press

A four-column hydraulic press is a piece of machinery that uses the static pressure of hydraulic oil pumped from a reservoir to process materials including metal, plastic, rubber, wood, and powder.

In what way does the four-column hydraulic press work?

Hydraulic transmission in a four-column hydraulic press includes the power mechanism, control mechanism, executive mechanism, auxiliary mechanism, and working medium.

For the most part, the oil pump is used as the power mechanism.

One or more oil pumps must be chosen in order to fulfil the needs of the actuator’s movement speed.

Extrusion, bending, stretching of stainless-steel plates, cold pressing of metal components, pressing of powder goods, grinding wheels, Bakelite, and resin thermosetting products are just some of the many uses for this machine.

Transformation of the Medium of Production

A little amount of oil emulsified in water is used to promote lubricity and decrease corrosion in the hydraulic press’s working medium, which is initially water.

Oil presses using mineral oil as the working medium first appeared in the late 19th century.

The oil’s lubricity, resistance to corrosion, and moderate viscosity are all beneficial to the operation of the hydraulic press.

How to Use a Hydraulic Press with Four Columns

A new kind of water-based emulsion emerged in the second part of the twentieth century. It is “water in oil,” not “oil in water,” which is the emulsification form.

The “water in oil” emulsion contains oil as its exterior phase, similar lubricity and corrosion resistance to oil, a low oil concentration, and is difficult to ignite.

However, the high cost of water-based emulsion prevents it from being widely used.

Purpose of the Medium in Which Work Is Done

The hydraulic press’s working medium not only transfers pressure, but also makes the machine’s moving parts more sensitive, reliable, long-lasting, and leak-free.

Primitive needs of a medium

The bare minimum for a hydraulic press’s working medium is:

Optimal fluidity and low compressibility to maximize transmission efficiency;

Two, it serves as a corrosion and rust inhibitor;

Three, effective lubrication;

Simple to close;

Resistance to oxidation, consistent performance, and durability under repeated use.

Hydraulic Press with Four Columns:

Naturally, the applications range widely depending on the circumstances. For instance, hydraulic presses can be divided into two categories: those that use water and those that use oil to convey pressure.

Hydraulic presses are frequently used for forging and stamping due to the high overall pressure they produce.

There are two types of forging hydraulic presses: those that use a die to do the forging, and those that don’t.

When used for die forging, a hydraulic press requires a mold, but free forging presses are mold-free.

Various Parts of a Four-Column Hydraulic Press

Both the primary machine and the control mechanism make up a four-column hydraulic press.

The hydraulic cylinder, beam, column, and liquid filling apparatus make up the bulk of the hydraulic press.

The oil tank, high-pressure pump, control system, motor, pressure valve, directional valve, etc. all make up the power mechanism.

Pressing plastics in a hydraulic press is feasible.

Molding techniques such as cold (hot) extrusion metal molding, sheet stretching and transverse pressing, bending, twisting, correction, and others are all included.

A separate power mechanism and electrical system power the four-column hydraulic press independently.

It uses a centralized control system with a button that allows for adjustable, manual, and semi-automatic modes of operation.

Fundamentals of a Four-Column Hydraulic Press

Vertical and horizontal hydraulic presses are distinguished by the orientation of the force applied.

Vertical hydraulic presses employ liquid for extrusion, while horizontal structural presses are used mostly for bending and forming.

The hydraulic press might have two columns, four columns, eight columns, a welded frame, or a winding frame made of multiple layers of steel strip. C-frame hydraulic presses are available in medium and small sizes for vertical applications.

The C-frame hydraulic press is user-friendly because to its open design and low barrier to entry, but its lack of stiffness limits its usefulness.

The stamping press’s welded frame hydraulic press is open on the front and back, but closed on the left and right, providing good rigidity and accessibility.

The oil cylinder is stationary in the top beam of the vertical four-column-free-forging hydraulic press, while the plunger is rigidly attached to the movable beam, which is directed by the column and travels vertically up and down under the force of the working fluid.

The beam features swiveling workstations for increased flexibility.

Both the top and lower anvils are fixed in place, the former under the movable beam and the latter on the work surface.

The frame, which consists of beams and columns both above and below, takes the brunt of the workload.

The working force of a large or medium free-forging hydraulic press driven by a pump accumulator is typically obtained from the combined efforts of three cylinders.

A balance cylinder and a return cylinder that exert an upward force on the working cylinder are also provided.

The Fundamentals of Using a Four-Column Hydraulic Press

The machine’s power mechanism and electrical system are totally separate from one another. Adjustment, manual, and semi-automatic modes are all possible thanks to the centralized control buttons.

To complete the ejection process, the machine’s operating pressure and pressing speed can be modified to meet the process’s requirements, as can the stroke and range of no-load fast descending and decelerating.

The ejection process, the stretching process, and the stretching process are the three process modalities.

Both continuous pressure and constant stroke are examples of process operations.

Ejection delay and automated return after pressing are features of the constant pressure-forming process.

Adjustments and semi-automatic modes of operation are both possible thanks to the system’s independent power supply and electrical infrastructure, which are operated with a single button.

The construction consists of four columns and three plates.

The parallel accuracy of any point between the lower working face and the higher working face is less than 0.08mm, and the vertical accuracy of the moveable plate is controlled by four precision guide sleeves.

How to Use a Hydraulic Press with Four Columns

In today’s market, you may get a wide variety of hydraulic presses to suit your needs. The various varieties of the hydraulic press can be used to process a wide range of components and materials.

These days, the four-column hydraulic press is the standard for industrial-scale processing and metal production because of its low cost and high efficiency.

When compared to other presses, what benefits does the four-column hydraulic press offer for the end product?

• High accuracy, tight tolerance, and precise formation

Forgings are less and flash-free, tolerances are tight, and precision is excellent thanks to the four-column hydraulic press’s consistent pressure and careful die design.

It needs no cutting, turning, milling, or planning afterward, and may be made with minimal effort.

The tooth shape of a bevel gear or a cylindrical gear, for instance, can be physically shaped and manufactured.

•  Interactivity in the human-machine interface

The motor is digitally controlled, and intelligent flexible process curve numerical control is achieved by the input of basic displacement and speed parameters.

Process curves can be generated automatically, saving the user a lot of time and effort.

• Extensive and rapid demise

With its help, you won’t have to worry about overworking, wearing down, or damaging your mold.

• Superb productivity while consuming almost little power

The great efficiency of the motor, the lack of clutch friction energy consumption, and the absence of flywheel idle energy consumption combine to make the four-column hydraulic press an efficient and energy-saving servo press.

• Extremely dependable machinery

No moving or wearing elements are present in the four-column hydraulic press’s machinery.

There are no windings, wires, or permanent magnets in the motor’s rotor.

Superior to the permanent magnet servo motor in terms of strength, dependability, and toughness against damage.

The equipment doesn’t need to be serviced, which eliminates the need for service technicians and the time they would spend maintaining it.

• Intelligently adjusting the mode

The tonnage meter built into the four-column hydraulic press’s main frame allows for precise pressure regulation while the mold is fine-tuned and tested.

The machine will continue to operate normally as the mold is gently and carefully adjusted to the mold.

Labor and time spent on mold adjustment are reduced because specialized mold adjustment and testing infrastructure are not required.

• Synchronized automated intelligence

High-speed computer intelligence controls the four-column hydraulic press, allowing it to function fully automatically.

How does a four-column hydraulic press help?

Cut corners, and save resources.

Hydroformed parts are 20%-40% lighter than stamping parts for common parts such as automotive engine brackets and radiator brackets, and for hollow stepped shaft parts, the weight savings can be as high as 40%-50%.

Simplify the design, use fewer molds, and save money.

In contrast to stamping, hydroforming often only requires a single set of dies per item.